Are you facing federal drug charges? If so, you can potentially reduce your sentence or be granted immunity from prosecution by exposing the criminal activities that you and your accomplices are being charged with.
Whether it’s accomplice testimony, becoming an informant or turning state’s evidence, you’ll be “telling” on your collaborators. You’ll become a snitch.
Although sharing key information with law enforcement can help to reduce your sentence, there’s no guarantee. Generally speaking, the more compelling your information, the better the deal you’ll be offered.
Your testimony is just one piece of evidence among many. To bring about a conviction, there must be substantial evidence to corroborate your testimony. Remember that any testimony you provide can be used against you at your own trial.
Snitching is like a plea bargain. You have information that can help the prosecution build a case. However, the prosecutor must determine whether your involvement will help the case or hurt it.

Is It Worthwhile to Become a Government Informant?

It depends. If you chose that option, have your lawyer initiate the process as soon as possible following your arrest.
Turning state’s evidence is a serious legal decision that will impact the outcome of your case and the quality of your future. This is especially true with federal drug court cases.
The most important consideration is your safety and that of your family. You’ll be endangering the lives of your friends and business partners, after all. A dismissal of charges is pointless if you’re no longer around to enjoy it.
If you feel guilty about turning on your partners in crime and setting them up for a fall, cooperating with the government may not be your cup of tea.
You might have ethical concerns about the deception involved in being a government informant. Some federal informants have reported losing faith in the legal system in particular and in human relationships in general.

When Should I Get On Board?

It might seem better to wait until the government shows its hand before you offer anything in return. Only if the situation seems dire will most criminals consider turning state’s evidence. However, waiting to play that card is a bad idea.
An option to cooperate will usually be offered when you initially arrive at the police after being arrested. If you agree to cooperate right off the bat, only your lawyer and the authorities will know you’ve been arrested. If your arrest becomes known, your value as an informer will be negligible.
If your case involves multiple co-defendants, you should be one of the first to agree to cooperate. If you wait until the last minute, the authorities will have gotten most of what they need from your accomplices, and you’ll have no cards left to play.

What Happens After I Sign Up?

During a debriefing session, federal agents will question you about information they already have to determine how much you know. They also use this strategy to evaluate your truthfulness.
After you are debriefed, your lawyer will secure a proffer letter. That document ensures that nothing you disclosed in the debriefing session can be used as evidence against you.
If you know nothing or you lie about what you know, the session will be terminated. If the debriefing session is fruitful, a series of intelligence-gathering meetings will take place. You might be asked to arrange controlled buys from other suspected criminals.

What Are the Benefits of Cooperation?

The federal government generously rewards those who cooperate. Prior to sentencing, the prosecution will file a motion under Sec. 5K1.1 United States Sentencing Guidelines for a reduced sentence or a waiver of the statutory minimum mandatory penalty. This motion can only be made by the prosecutor, and the amount of penalty reduction will vary from case to case.

What Are the Risks of Cooperation?

Turning state’s evidence is not a quick fix for a criminal past. The defendants are often dangerous and unpredictable, and the government cannot provide 24/7 security service for life.

Prosecutors can maintain the confidentiality of their witnesses, so informers do have some protection under the law. However, the identity of an informant can be learned. Defense attorneys can make a motion to compel the prosecutors to disclose an informant’s identity.

Nevertheless, the federal government must protect its informants by maintaining their safety. If the situation warrants it, snitches may be placed in the Witness Protection Program (WPP). According to the U.S. Marshals, not one WPP participant has ever been harmed.

Informants receive a new identity and are geographically relocated. In most cases, simply protecting the identity of an informant and acting swiftly to crush threats is enough.

Snitches have been injured or killed, family members have been shot at and houses have gone up in flames. At the same time, prison life for a snitch may be the most dangerous option of all.

Have you have been charged with a federal drug-related crime? Do you have information that can help the prosecution win its case? If you’re willing to share what you know with the authorities, consult a federal criminal drug attorney as quickly as possible and before taking any action.
Attorneys must preserve your confidentiality under the attorney-client privilege. Tell your lawyer what you know, and find out whether turning state’s evidence would help or hinder your case.

Being involved in any kind of criminal activity can take many forms. Sometimes, people commit crimes on their own. In other instances, they may engage in criminal activities with others at the same time. As people engage in such activities, they might realize that there’s a possibility of being discovered and being charged with breaking the laws. Someone who is discovered engaging in criminal activities by law enforcement officials might find that doing so they can possibly use this knowledge to their ultimate advantage.

Law enforcement officials might know about the criminal activities. At the same time, they might not know everything. Or, they might know much about such activities but might find that they lack the evidence to convict someone. In that case, federal government officials might decide to see what leverage they have to force people to cooperate with them. They may come to someone who is involved with the crime on some level and see if they can work something out to everyone’s mutual advantage.

Conspiracy Charges
Officials might offer someone they know is engaged in criminal activities the opportunity to come clean and make a potential legal deal. In many cases, law enforcement officials have at least some evidence before they speak to someone. This may include phone records of conversations with others in which they are clearly engaging in illegal activities. It can also be other instances where the evidence indicates they have deliberately taken steps as a part of a criminal enterprise. People can be charged with crimes that other have committed under certain circumstances. For example, someone may be facing what are known as federal conspiracy charges. These are charges in which more than one person is being charged with a crime. People may be accused of having engaged in an effort to create a pact to evade American laws in some way such as smuggling in people in violation of American immigration laws. Law enforcement officials can threaten to have the person under investigation charged with many types of additional crimes even if they did not do such crimes.

Many Possibilities
Cooperating with the federal government can work in your favor if you understand what you are being asked and why it may work in your ultimate favor. This is where careful consultation with a skilled lawyer is of vital importance. The lawyer can help you decide exactly what to do in the event that you decide to cooperate with the feds and why. The kind of cooperation you might be able to offer will often depend on many factors. Even if you only played a relatively minor role in any kind of crime, you might still be facing the possibility of jail time, a prison sentence and even heavy fines. All of these factors can greatly impact your life in a negative way. A single criminal conviction can make it impossible for you to return to work or even to apply for certain jobs. For many people, the goal when they are agreeing to cooperate with federal government officials is to either avoid a criminal conviction of any time or to make sure that any such convictions are kept to a minimum.

Immunity From Prosecution
In certain instances, you might be able to make a deal that you will agree to testify against someone in a case. You provide evidence of their criminal activities. In turn, the prosecutors agree that you will not be held liable for any evidence of wrongdoing you might give when you testify. For example, you might testify that someone else was involved in deliberate income tax fraud. As you give the testimony, it is clear that you were also involved in the same form of tax fraud. Government officials agree not to prosecute you even if you are confessing to a crime.
You can also agree to participate in a debrief. This is where you speak to government officials about a criminal activity that you personally saw. You might also be offered another kind of deal. For example, you might be offered a reduced sentence. Rather than being given a ten year sentence, if you cooperate you are only give five years. Keep in mind that government officials are operating in accordance with federal guidelines. These guidelines are meant to make sure that all people who are being sentenced are not being given a disproportionate sentence that might not be given under a different judge. The judge can choose to knock off time from your sentence. In turn, you agree to plead guilty and agree to provide them with the names of others involved as well as information about their participation in the crime. Getting access to legal advice right now can help you decide exactly what you should do.
References:
https://www.forbes.com/sites/walterpavlo/2012/09/28/the-life-of-a-cooperating-witness-rewards-and-perils/?sh=70ea00105bee
https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2012/12/14/jailhouse-informants-for-sale/1762013/
https://www.findlaw.com/legalblogs/criminal-defense/can-snitching-reduce-your-sentence/
https://snitching.org/
https://www.policechiefmagazine.org/ethical-issues-in-the-use-of-confidential-informants/
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=613521
https://law.jrank.org/pages/10486/State-s-Evidence.html
https://www.cnn.com/2013/02/16/justice/witness-protection-program/index.html
https://innocenceproject.org/informing-injustice/