Last Updated on: 15th October 2023, 01:18 pm

New York Criminal Laws – What Everyday Folks Need to Know

Living in New York, you gotta be aware of the criminal laws – otherwise you could end up in some serious trouble without even realizing it! I’m here to break it all down for regular people like you and me. I ain’t no fancy lawyer, just a local trying to help out.

The Basics

There’s a whole book of criminal laws in New York called the Penal Law. It’s got all kinds of legal mumbo jumbo divided up into articles and sections[1]. Most folks don’t have the time or need to read through all that. The key things to know are:

• Felonies – These are the most serious crimes like murder, rape, robbery. They are divided into classes A – E. Class A felonies are the worst.
• Misdemeanors – Less serious crimes like shoplifting, trespassing, simple assault. There are A and B misdemeanors. A-misdemeanors are worse.
• Violations – Lowest level offenses like traffic tickets, disorderly conduct.

The more serious the crime, the higher the penalties. Felonies can get you years in prison. Misdemeanors months in jail. Violations just fines and such.

Common Crimes

Some of the most common crimes prosecuted in NY[2]:

Drugs

Possession, sale, trafficking of illegal drugs like cocaine, heroin, meth etc. is against NY law. Charges and penalties depend on the type and amount of drug[2]. Small amounts for personal use can be a misdemeanor. Large amounts or selling can be a felony.

Assault

When you intentionally hurt someone, like punching or kicking them. Can range from misdemeanor to felony assault depending how bad the injuries are[2].

Theft

Taking someone else’s property without permission. Includes shoplifting, pickpocketing, employee theft, etc. Charges based on value of property taken[5]. Under $1,000 is petit larceny misdemeanor. Over $1,000 is grand larceny felony.

Burglary

Illegally entering a building to commit a crime inside like theft. Charged as various degrees of burglary felony[2].

DUI

Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs. Misdemeanor for first offense with fines, license suspension, alcohol education. Felony for repeat offenses or if someone gets injured.

Sex Crimes

Forced sexual acts without consent. Rape, molestation, and other sex offenses are felonies[2]. Penalties very severe.

Defenses

If you get accused of a crime, there are some defenses that might get the charges dropped or reduced[4]:

• Self-defense – Using reasonable force to protect yourself from harm[4].
• Insanity – You were so mentally ill you didn’t know right from wrong.
• Mistake – You honestly thought what you were doing was legal.
• Entrapment – Police improperly tricked or coerced you into committing the crime.
• Intoxication – You were so drunk or high you couldn’t form criminal intent.

Having a good lawyer who knows these defenses is key!

Recent Changes

The criminal laws are always evolving. Here are some important recent changes:

• Bail reform – Cash bail eliminated for many non-violent crimes[3]. This makes it easier for folks to get out of jail while waiting for trial.
• Discovery laws – Prosecutors must now share all evidence with the defense much earlier[4]. This helps people accused of crimes build a better defense.
• Marijuana – Possession of small amounts of pot was decriminalized and is now just a violation[3]. Reduces consequences for minor drug offenses.

Staying up to date on the laws is important so you know your rights and can get a fair shake if accused.

Getting Help

Dealing with criminal charges is scary. But don’t panic! Here are some tips:

• Remain silent – Don’t talk to police without a lawyer. What you say can be used against you!
• Get a lawyer – Don’t go it alone. A good lawyer can defend your rights.
• Make a plan – Figure out legal strategy, bail, how to get help if needed. It will ease your mind.
• Cooperate with lawyer – Be honest and meet all court dates. Help build your defense.
• Stay positive – Keep your head up! With hard work many charges can be reduced or dismissed.

Having a criminal record ain’t no joke. It can really impact your life and future. So take any charges seriously and protect yourself. We all make mistakes sometimes – focus on learning from them and moving forward.

And remember, I’m rooting for you! Us regular folks gotta stick together and stand up for our rights. We may not know all the legal mumbo jumbo, but we know right from wrong. This too shall pass.